keyword: | Prevention |
Resource
Case Study
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Both NGO and community-based organization (CBO) approaches can benefit HIV program management. This case study explores the significant role of com |
The Targeted Outreach Project (TOP) provides HIV prevention services, as well as social, civic, and educational programs, for sex workers and men w |
The Georgian Harm Reduction Network (GHRN) is a combination HIV prevention approach that includes a mix of strategies and risk reduction approaches |
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Data from a 2009 modeling exercise suggested that Rwanda has a mixed HIV epidemic, meaning that transmission occurs within both most-at-risk popula |
Prompted by a growing knowledge of the complexity of HIV transmission, many countries are reassessing the nature of their HIV epidemics. "Mixed" ep |
In many countries facing high-prevalence, generalized HIV epidemics, the development of a national prevention strategy is difficult and often does |
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The influence of religious groups in parts of Latin America positions them to target most-at-risk populations (MARPs) who may have been overlooked |
In Nicaragua, HIV prevention for "sexually diverse" populations, including men who have sex with men (MSM), is made significantly more difficult by |
Launched in 2003, the Avahan-India HIV prevention program has become a global model for combination HIV prevention programming that meets the compl |
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Little attention is paid to the potential risk of HIV exposure in intergenerational relationships, through which older men offer young women money |
Addressing multiple and concurrent |
Through their innovative Community Popular Opinion Leader (CPOL) approach, the Y.R. Gaitonde Center for AIDS Research and Education (Y.R.G. CARE) p |
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As a lynchpin of its bold goal of zero new HIV infections by 2016, Botswana's national O Icheke: Break the Chain campaign offers a wake-up call on |
In South Africa, where rates of alcohol consumption and HIV are among the highest in the world, sexual risk taking and drinking frequently intersec |
Along the U.S.-Mexico border, a growing HIV epidemic fueled largely by commercial sex and injecting drug use threatens both countries. Working in a |
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Recent studies confirm that globally men who have sex with men (MSM) are at significantly greater risk for HIV infection than other adults of repro |
AIDSTAR-One's first case study in the Promising Approaches to Combination Prevention series examines the efforts of the Alliance-Ukraine to reach m |
Men who have sex with men (MSM) have been neglected in HIV programming in sub-Saharan Africa, frequently ignored in national strategies and hidden |
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Launched on South African television in June 2008, the Scrutinize Campaign was a year-long series of HIV prevention ads targeting |
Makhwapheni Uyabulala, or “Secret Lovers Kill,” was Swaziland’s first national media campaign to focus on the HIV risk of |
Events
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As part of the XIX International AIDS Conference, held in Washington, D.C., from July 22-27, 2012, the World Bank, the U.S. Agency for Internationa |
The sixth debate of the Emerging Issues in Today’s HIV Response Debate Series titled, "Treatment as Prevention" featured expert panelists argui |
The fifth debate in the USAID and World Bank-sponsored Emerging Issues in Today’s HIV Response Debate Series was based on the following proposi |
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On December 10th, 2010, in honor of International Human Rights Day, UNAIDS, the United Nations Development Programme, and the Global A |
The fourth debate in the USAID and World Bank-sponsored Emerging Issues in Today's HIV Response Debate Series featured expert panelists arguing for |
On September 21st, 2010, UNAIDS and 11 other partner organizations hosted a forum in Washington, D.C. The purpose of this event was to |
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The third debate in the USAID and World Bank-sponsored Emerging Issues in Today’s HIV Response Debate Series featured expert panelists arguing fo |
The second debate in the USAID and World Bank-sponsored Emerging Issues in Today’s HIV Response Debate Series was based on the following proposit |
The first debate in the USAID and World Bank-sponsored Emerging Issues in Today’s HIV Response Debate Series was based on the following propositi |
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With leading donor countries emerging slowly from economic crisis, development aid flows are under heavy pressure. As a result, governments, deve |
Promising Practice
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MCP messages were integrated into the larger interpersonal communication strategy, using community debates, participatory thea |
SHAPE II worked closely with Ghana's Ministry of Education, Science and Sports (MOESS), and the Ghana Education Service (GES) |
SHARe Zambia program worked to address HIV/AIDS in the workplace in both the public and private sectors. This nomination focus |
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The intervention consists of three parts: (1) community, (2) health facility (public, private and traditional), and (3) an int |
Strategically Managing AIDS Response in the Workplace (SMARTWork) works in partnership with the Nigerian Business Coalition Ag |
The Increase and Expand HIV Testing Options Program, or Quero Fazer as it is socially known, focuses on increasing HIV testing |
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MEMA kwa Vijana (MkV), or “Good things for young people,” used a multi-sectoral approach to prevent HIV and improve sexual hea |
Data have shown that substance use may be a precursor to involvement in sexual behavior, suggesting that substance use prevent |
Y.E.A.H. is a multi-channel communication campaign for young people that combines mass media, person-to-person, and community |
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The 100% condom use programme is a collaborative program between local authorities (health services, police, public security, |
Soul City: IHDC was initiated in 1992 in order to harness the power of the mass media for health and deve |
The AYA strategy focused on implementing and scaling up a comprehensive set of six integrated adolescent sexual and reproducti |
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UPHOLD - CSO decided to make a contribution towards meeting the growing need to support HIV/AIDS prevention among sexually act |
Population Media Center-Ethiopia developed the Youth-Focused Media Communication Project to promote social response to HIV/AID |
The Alliance-Ukraine's mission is to reduce the spread of HIV infection and AIDS mortality and alleviate the negative impact o |
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The Aksi Stop AIDS (ASA) Project, the centerpiece of FHI's portfolio in Indonesia, is designed to assist the National AIDS Com |
The Senga Model is a preventative gender technique that utilizes the traditional role of the father's sister, or senga, in edu |
In support of the National Strategic Framework for HIV/AIDS in Uganda, the AIM Project was designed to assist with increasing |
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Agents of Change is a peer education program intended for use in a church setting. Church-based young people are as much at ri |
CHAMP is a manual-based program of 10--90-minute sessions delivered over 10 weekends. The sessions were designed to increase H |
President Museveni's Presidential Initiative on AIDS Strategy for Communication to Youth (PIASCY) was a unique component of th |
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The Geração Biz Program was established to respond to the sexual and reproductive health needs of Mozambican youth aged 10 - 2 |
LoveLife is a comprehensive national-scale HIV prevention program focused specifically on the 12-17 age range. It was launched |
The Helping Each Other Act Responsibly Together (HEART) Campaign promotes healthy sexual behaviors among young people, ages 15 |
HIV Prevention Knowledge Base Entry
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Men who have sex with men (MSM) can be difficult to reach with HIV prevention messages and services, since many are secretive about their sexual ac |
Providing family planning services to women with HIV who wish to postpone or avoid pregnancy can prevent vertical transmission of HIV from mother t |
HIV-serodiscordant couples, in which one partner is HIV-positive and the other is HIV-negative, are now recognized as a priority for HIV prevention |
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Combination prevention is based on the idea that there is an optimal mix of interventions that will provide the greatest impact. Combination approa |
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) aims to prevent acquisition of HIV through use of antiretroviral (ARV) agents before potential exposure to HIV. Sev |
Unprotected sex is the leading cause of HIV transmission, accounting for more than 80 percent of the total number of infections. Male and female co |
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Antiretroviral therapy (ART), generally used to improve the health of the person being treated, can also serve as a preventive strategy by reducing |
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) likely facilitate HIV transmission and acquisition. STI treatment efforts have been used as an HIV pr |
Microbicides are products formulated for individuals to apply topically (vaginally or rectally) to reduce their risk of HIV and possibly other sexu |
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As a stand-alone intervention, HIV testing and counseling (HTC) contributes to prevention of HIV transmission by identifying and informing individu |
Young people in many countries have unprotected sexual intercourse with one or more partners, potentially exposing themselves to HIV, other sexuall |
Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) is the surgical complete removal of the foreskin of the penis. While conducted for a number of reasons, |
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Addressing injection safety helps prevent the medical transmission of HIV and other bloodborne pathogens to patients and health care workers. |
Inadequate and unsafe blood supply causes avoidable deaths and transmits infectious diseases, including HIV. Preventing transfusion of unsafe blood |
Transactional sex (TS) is the practice of exchanging sex for financial or lifestyle rewards. Distinct from formalized sex work, transactional sex i |
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Drug use is a major factor in the spread of HIV infection in many settings. Sharing equipment used for injecting drugs transmits HIV, and drug us |
Although the effects of HIV in the workplace differ by the size of the company/organization and the type of labor employed, for many companies |
Partner reduction is a prevention strategy focused on decreasing overall number of partners in order to lessen the risk of becoming infected with o |
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Structural approaches reduce an individual’s vulnerability to HIV by creating the conditions in which people can adopt safer behaviors. For example |
Peer outreach and education (POE) engage members of a specific group to influence other members to adopt healthy sexual behaviors and modify norms. |
Positive Health, Dignity, and Prevention (PHDP) interventions target people living with HIV to promote health and reduce the risk of transmission t |
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Due to the complexity of HIV prevention, both programmatic and policy-related interven |
HIV programs generally define abstinence as not engaging in sexual intercourse, delaying sexual debut, or, for those who have already been sexually |
Mass media interventions aim to prevent HIV by increasing knowledge, improving risk perception, changing sexual behaviors, and questioning potentia |
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Antiretroviral post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)—short-term antiretroviral therapy initiated soon after known or suspected exposure to HIV—aims to pr |
Many people are now aware that having multiple sexual partners increases their risk of contracting HIV. Fewer people are aware that having concurre |
Alcohol use in virtually all cultures reduces both people’s perception of risk and their inhibitions against engaging in risky behaviors. Alcohol u |
Technical Consultation Material
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May 2013, Washington, DC- The goal of this two-day technical consultation was to provide a forum for key stakeholders in HIV research, |
September 2012, Guatemala - |
August 2012, Bangkok, Thailand - From August 28-30, 2012, the U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief’s (PEPFAR) most-at-risk popula |
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February 2012, South Africa - This regional workshop, funded by PEPFAR's most-at-risk populations technical working group and supported by |
December 2011, Ethiopia - At the 16th International Conference on AIDS and STIs in Africa (ICASA), PEPFAR, UNAIDS, and WHO collaborated on |
June 2011, Washington, DC - Together with partners from United Nations Joint Programme on HIV/AIDS, the World Health Organization, the Bil |
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April 2011, Namibia - More than 80 participants representing fourteen countries joined multilateral donors and organizations to share appr |
March 2011, Caribbean - This summit provided a forum for participants to discuss HIV programming for most-at-risk populations and other vu |
February 2011, Ghana - Seventy participants from 11 countries with mixed epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa, members of the PEPFAR Technical |
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September 2010, South Africa - This three-day meeting brought together 117 health professionals from 14 countries in Eastern and Southern |
December 2009, Guatemala - The purpose of the meeting was to share evidence and program experiences to inform policies, develop effective |
February 2009, India - This meeting centered on a discussion of essential program dimensions that must be part of any effort to reach MARP
capacity building, commercial sex workers (CSWs), community engagement, community mobilization, concentrated epidemics, generalized epidemics, human rights, men who have sex with men (MSM), mixed epidemics, monitoring and evaluation (M&E), most-at-risk populations (MARPs), people who inject drugs (PWID), universal access
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October 2008, Washington, DC - This technical consultation on multiple and concurrent sexual partnerships (MCP) convened researchers, US G |
Report
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In 2012, AIDSTAR-One conducted a study using geographic information systems in order to determine the location and condition of waste treatment equ |
This program review is a direct response to the urgent need to strengthen and expand HIV prevention for men who have sex with men and sex workers |
Continuing work from the Making Medical Injections Safer project, USAID/Nigeria asked AIDSTAR-One to provide injection safety technical assistance |
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AIDSTAR-One conducted a 3-year demonstration project in Namibia to reduce heavy drinking and risky sexual behavior among bar patrons in a low-incom |
In Ethiopia, ensuring a sufficient and sustainable supply of infection prevention and patient safety (IPPS) commodities is an important st |
Healthcare-acquired infections lead to death, disability, and excess medical costs. Infection prevention and control (IPC) measures maximize patien |
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This document provides key findings for guiding programming for most-at-risk populations in mixed epidemic settings.
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AIDSTAR-One conducted this baseline assessment of injection safety in five USAID priority states: Bauchi, Benue, Cross River, Lagos, and Sokoto. Us |
A growing body of epidemiological and social science research links alcohol consumption with sexual behaviors that put people at risk for HIV and o |
Spotlight
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Microbicides are compounds that are being tested for the prevention of HIV or other sexually transmitted infections. Unlike such strategies as cond |
This editorial summarizes the evidence on condoms for HIV prevention, discusses barriers and opportunities regarding supply, and proposes ways to r |
Sustained research successes during the first two decades of the AIDS epidemic, an unprecedented expansion of HIV prevention and treatment programs |
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In countries battling the most severe HIV epidemics in the world, there is yet another powerful and under-addressed structural force at play: the u |
With recent epidemiology showing a continual rise in HIV rates among sex workers, Melissa Ditmore argues that now is time to develop holistic, eff |
In this issue of Spotlight on Prevention, George Ayala underscores the need for increased attention to and resources for HIV prevention programming |
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Quarraisha Abdool Karim calls on implementers to “push the paradigm,” amplifying promising approaches to HIV prevention among young sub-Saharan wom |
Rose Wicher and Ward Cates from FHI make the case for increased attention to prevention of unintended pregnancy among HIV-infected women in this ed |
Helen Epstein provides insight into her book examining Uganda's pioneering Zero Grazing Campaign targeting multiple and concurrent sexual partnersh |
Technical Brief
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This technical brief provides a systematic global review and synthesis of practical approaches, program examples, and resources to support human ri |
HIV serodiscordant couples, in which one partner is HIV-positive and the other is HIV-negative, are increasingly recognized as a priority for HIV |
A growing body of research suggests that alcohol consumption is associated with the sexual behaviors that put people at risk for HIV. In develo |
Tools and Curricula
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This infection prevention and patient safety training resource package was developed by the Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health and AIDSTAR-One/Et |
