AIDSTAR-One's Prevention Case Study Series documents innovative approaches in emerging areas of HIV prevention. These engaging case studies are designed for implementers and program planners, documenting the steps from idea to intervention and from research to practice.
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HIV Prevention on the U.S.-Mexico Border
Along the U.S.-Mexico border, a growing HIV epidemic fueled largely by commercial sex and injecting drug use threatens both countries. Working in an often dangerous climate, two Mexican NGOs provide most-at-risk populations in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez with HIV prevention services that use a combination of approaches.
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Secret Lovers Kill
The first case study in the series examines the Makhwapheni Uyabulala Campaign in Swaziland. Translated as "Secret Lovers Kill," Makhwapheni Uyabulala was Swaziland's first national media campaign to focus on the HIV risk of multiple and concurrent sexual partnerships (MCP). The campaign promoted HIV prevention in the country with the world's highest HIV prevalence by broadcasting a powerful message that resonated with the public and encouraged behavior change. The Makhwapheni Campaign launched a widespread public exchange about multiple sexual partnerships and the spread of HIV, a topic rarely discussed in Swazi society.
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The Scrutinize Campaign
Victor Scrutinize was the animated star of the Scrutinize Campaign, a year-long series of HIV prevention ads launched on South African television in June 2008. Irreverent and humorous, with strong, colorful visuals, the campaign's ads were markedly different from previous South African HIV prevention campaigns for youth. Rather than telling the audience what to do, the Scrutinize campaign messaging encouraged those in the audience to scrutinize their own behavior and resulted in dramatic uptake of key HIV prevention messages.
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CEPEHRG and Maritime, Ghana
Men who have sex with men (MSM) have been neglected in HIV programming in sub-Saharan Africa, frequently ignored in national strategies and hidden in the face of intolerance, stigmatization, and punitive laws. In Ghana, community-based organizations (CBOs) have been at the forefront of HIV interventions for MSM. Among the small number of CBOs working with this highly vulnerable population are the Accra-based Center for Popular Education and Human Rights, Ghana (CEPEHRG) and Maritime Life Precious Foundation (Maritime) in Takoradi. With the support of PEPFAR, these two organizations have been part of much-needed efforts to reach MSM with prevention messages, condoms, and lubricant and to increase uptake of HIV-related services using cell phone-based communications.
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The Humsafar Trust, India
Recent studies confirm that globally men who have sex with men (MSM) are at significantly greater risk for HIV infection than other adults of reproductive age, due to a combination of biological, behavioral, and structural factors. In a sometimes difficult cultural and political environment, the Humsafar Trust works with MSM in Mumbai and successfully links community advocacy and support activities to the development of effective HIV prevention and health services. In India as elsewhere, the development of responsive programming and service options for MSM will help reduce their vulnerability to HIV and improve the overall effectiveness of the HIV response.
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The International HIV/AIDS Alliance Ukraine
AIDSTAR-One's first case study in the Promising Approaches to Combination Prevention series examines the efforts of the Alliance-Ukraine to reach most-at-risk populations (MARPs) in Ukraine. Through its partner organizations, the Alliance-Ukraine provides the majority of HIV prevention services in the country, targeting the primary driver of Ukraine's HIV epidemic: injecting drug use. Community engagement, advocacy for supportive policies, and linkages to government services complement evidence-based programming.
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